pathoscribe

Written by Micaela Montinola | Art by Krish Irie de Vera

Carpal tunnel syndrome is a problematic condition in which numbness, tingling, weakness, or pain occur in the wrist or hand. It is considered a common condition caused by the squeezing of a nerve in the wrist. The “carpal tunnel” refers to a narrow opening in the wrist, and carpal tunnel syndrome results from increased pressure on the median nerve, a nerve that runs through that opening and into the hand. 

Typically, the specific cause of carpal tunnel syndrome can be attributed to a combination of factors affecting the structures in the wrist. Injuries, health conditions, or frequent, repeated hand and wrist movements can cause swelling and inflammation that press on the median nerve. These health conditions include diabetes, arthritis, cysts or tumors, and hormonal changes. In addition, anatomical differences in women include, on average, smaller carpal tunnel sizes, making them more susceptible to developing carpal tunnel syndrome. There may also be a genetic aspect that leads to the carpal tunnel being smaller than normal in some families. Whatever the case may be, carpal tunnel syndrome is usually a progressive condition that can worsen without proper care or treatment. As symptoms advance, one may experience further tingling, pain, and weakness, difficulty grasping or holding objects, and feeling swelling in the fingers even when they are not swollen. 

Carpal tunnel syndrome should be diagnosed early to prevent further damage. Most cases can be diagnosed through a physical exam, but some scenarios may involve laboratory tests and X-rays. Afterward, treatment should begin as soon as possible. Nonsurgical care via splinting or bracing does not treat the underlying problem but can help relieve symptoms. On the other hand, surgical procedures usually solve this condition permanently by cutting a ligament to relieve the pressure on the median nerve. It is important to note that carpal tunnel syndrome is one of the most common hand conditions that require surgery, and it is a serious, potentially lifelong condition that can interfere with someone’s daily comfort and affairs. Raising awareness for preventing, understanding, and treating carpal tunnel syndrome is essential to better supporting affected patients. 

Works Cited:

“Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.” Johns Hopkins Medicine, http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/carpal-tunnel-syndrome. 

“Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.” MedlinePlus, U.S. National Library of Medicine, medlineplus.gov/carpaltunnelsyndrome.html. “Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.” National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 12 Mar. 2024, http://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/carpal-tunnel-syndrome/diagnosis-treatment-and-steps-to-take.